Punjab’s Paddy Fields: FRP in Subsurface Drainage

Punjab’s fertile paddy fields are the backbone of India’s rice production, but they come with a growing challenge — waterlogging and soil salinity, especially in low-lying districts like Moga, Ferozepur, and Muktsar. As a response, the state’s agricultural engineers are introducing FRP-based access points in subsurface drainage systems to improve long-term farm health.

The Subsurface Drainage Challenge

Subsurface drainage systems help lower the water table and remove excess salts, both of which are essential for high paddy yields. However, these systems require regular monitoring via manholes, inspection chambers, and outlet structures. Existing solutions made of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) or metal are prone to degradation due to constant moisture, clogging, and chemical exposure from fertilizers.

Now, FRP cover and riser pipes are being introduced into pilot drainage grids. These FRP elements offer:

• 100% corrosion resistance

• High load capacity for tractor traffic

• Ease of installation in flooded fields

• Chemical inertness to urea and DAP exposure

Field Trials and Performance

In test installations across Patiala and Bathinda, FRP covers have shown no signs of structural fatigue after two paddy cycles. Farmers reported easier access to cleaning outlets and improved water movement across fields, especially after heavy rainfall.

Because FRP is lightweight, these systems may also be more easily customized to meet the specific requirements of different fields, especially in areas where GPS-based irrigation and laser leveling are being used.

Boosting Soil Health and Sustainability

The success of FRP in Punjab’s subsurface drainage supports the goals of the Soil Health Card Scheme. By ensuring proper drainage, farmers can avoid salt accumulation, reduce pesticide runoff, and improve microbial activity in the soil.

With Punjab aiming to diversify from water-intensive paddy to pulses and oilseeds, effective drainage will be a critical enabler. FRP offers a durable, farmer-friendly solution that reduces infrastructure downtime and improves the efficiency of water management.